Tissue Cultured Banana Saplings G9

Banana is the second most vital organic product crop in India beside mango. Itsyear round accessibility, moderateness, varietal range, taste, nutritive andrestorative worth makes it the most loved natural product among all classes ofindividuals. It has likewise great fare potential.  Hello there tech development of the harvest is a financially practical ventureprompting increment in efficiency, change in produce quality and earlyproduct development with the produce ordering premium cost.  OBJECTIVE:

 

The main objective of this report is to present a bankable model for high quality commercial cultivation of the crop. Efforts need to be made to promote private investment in hi-tech horticulture with micro-propagation, protected cultivation, drip irrigation, integrated nutrient and pest management besides making use of latest post-harvest technologies.

 BACKGROUND:

Climating Condition:

The main objective of this report is to present a bankable model for high quality commercial cultivation of the crop. Efforts need to be made to promote private investment in hi-tech horticulture with micro-propagation, protected cultivation, drip irrigation, integrated nutrient and pest management besides making use of latest post-harvest technologies.

 

State	Planting time
Maharashtra	         Kharif  – June – July          Rabi – October – November
Tamil Nadu	         February – April          November – December
Kerala	         Rainfed- April-May          Irrigated crop- August- Septembe

Climate:

Banana is a tropical plant which grows best under warm conditions. In colder areas where banana is used mostly as an ornamental, new plants are obtained and planted each spring.
The leaves are tattered badly by strong winds, rendering the plant less attractive. Strong winds, in conjunction with saturated soil and the weight of a stem of fruit, can result in significant blow down unless guying or other protection is provided.

Soil and Site Selection:
Banana grows in a wide variety of soils, as long as the soil is deep and has good internal and surface drainage. The effect of poorly drained soils can be partly overcome by planting in raised beds, as the plant does not tolerate poor drainage or flooding.
The planting site should be chosen for protection from wind and cold weather, if possible. The warmest location in the home landscape is near the south or southeast side house.
The first priority to consider when growing banana is to use the proper growing media. Use a potting mix because it will dry out fast and that is when the roots will grow. Just do not keep it wet during the first month. Shade is best for a few days when they come out of the box

Fruits:

The ovaries contained in the first (female) flowers grow rapidly, developing parthenocarpically (without pollination) into clusters of fruits, called hands. The number of hands varies with the species and variety. The fruit (technically a berry) turns from deep green to yellow or red, and may range from 2-1/2 to 12 inches in length and 3/4 to 2 inches in width. The flesh, ivory-white to yellow or salmon-yellow, may be firm, astringent, even gummy with latex when unripe, turning tender and slippery, or soft and mellow or rather dry and mealy or starchy when ripe. The flavor may be mild and sweet or sub acid with a distinct apple tone. The common cultivated types are generally seedless with just vestiges of ovules visible as brown specks. Occasionally, cross-pollination with wild types will result in a number of seeds in a normally seedless variety.

 

 

Height of plant:

Banana tree heights vary depending on the specific cultivar. Most trees are a hybrid of the two species. All grow quickly, however. “Manzana,” which is popular for its sweet-tasting bananas, grows to a height of about 12 feet. “Lady Fingers” and “Cuban Red” grow to heights of 25 feet.

Banana trees (Musa acuminata or balbisiana) are tropical perennials. With their huge, wide leaves and bunches of bright yellow fruit, the plants are unmistakable and are an attractive and delicious addition to any tropical landscape. However, make sure you have enough room for a banana tree, before you plant one. Some cultivars reach heights of 25 feet in as a little as one year.

Size:

The main objective of this report is to present a bankable model for high quality commercial cultivation of the crop. Efforts need to be made to promote private investment in hi-tech horticulture with micro-propagation, protected cultivation, drip irrigation, integrated nutrient and pest management besides making use of latest post-harvest technologies.

Pseudostems

Banana plants, with their towering heights, look much like trees, but they are usually called plants and not trees. This is because their “trunks,” which are called pseudostems, are made of leaves that are tightly woven together. Banana plants grow much like palm trees, in that the new leaves twist up through the center of the pseudostem and sprout from the crown of the plant. One banana plant may grow on one pseudostem, or more commonly, on several of them.

Culture

A banana tree will not reach its full height if it is not cared for properly. The plants thrive in warm, calm conditions. Temperature extremes slow the growth of the plant. Bananas stop growing when the temperature nears 100 degrees Fahrenheit or drops below 53 degrees. “Orinoco” is the most cold-hardy cultivar; it is frequently grown in California as a tropical plant rather than for its fruit. Strong winds will tear apart the leaves, and one night of freezing temperatures can kill the plant. Cultivate your banana tree in a warm, sheltered location, and keep the soil continually moist — but not soggy — during the growing season.

All Banana Plants weight is more than 16 oz. We have a perfect record with the Better Business Bureau. All small plants are 2 months old not 1 month like most sell. We  will be happy to beat any lower price for the same size by 20%.All Banana Plants weight is more than 16 oz.

Season Harmful:

Planting of tissue society banana ought to be conceivable amid the time as indicated by the business segment demand except for when the temperature is too low or too high. The planting time may be adjusted with a specific end goal to avoid high temperature and drought at the season of ascent of gatherings (i.e. approx. 7-8 months in the wake of planting). The planting time for long time span cultivars is extraordinary in connection to brief traverse ones.

In this way, the vital seasons for planting followed in different states of India are :

Pacing:

Traditionally banana growers plant the crop at 1.5m x 1.5m with high density; however plant growth and yields are poor because of competition for sunlight. The region like north India, coastal belt and where humidity is very high and temperature falls down upto 5-7ºC, the planting distance should not be less than 2.1m x 1.5m.

 

Season	Spacing
Kharif	1.5 x 1.5 m., 2 x 2 m. or 2.5 x 2.5 m.
Rabi	1.5 x 1.2 m., 1.5 x 1.37 m.

High Density Planting : 

High density planting is in practice to accommodate 4444 to 5555 plants per ha. and yield of plants is recorded to be in the order of 55-60 tonnes/ha. or even more. In general square or rectangular system of planting is a common practice followed by the cultivators. Planting 3 suckers / pit at a spacing of 1.8 x 3.6 m. (4,600 plants per ha.) for Cavendish varieties and 2 x 3 m. for Nendran (5000 plants per ha.) varieties are also followed.

 Micronutrients:

Combined foliar application of ZnSo₄ (0.5%), FeSo₄ (0.2%), CuSo₄ (0.2%) and H₃Bo₃ (0.1%) applied at 3,5 and 7 months after planting helps to increase yield and quality of  banana.

 

Growth regulators:

 In order to improve the grade of bunches 2,4 D @ 25 ppm. (25 mg./l.) may be sprayed after the last hand has opened. This also helps to remove the seeds in certain varieties e.g. Poovan and CO-1. Spraying with CCC (1000 ppm.) at 4^th, 6^th month after planting and plantozyme @ 2 ml./l. at 6^th and 8^th month after planting helps to achieve higher yield.

 

After full development of bunch, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.5%) and urea (1%) or 2,4 D solu

Area of Prodution:

Banana and plantains are grown in about 120 countries. Total annual world production is estimated at 86 million tonnes of fruits. India leads the world in banana production with an annual output of about 14.2 million tonnes. Other leading producers are Brazil, Eucador, China, Phillipines, Indonesia, Costarica, Mexico, Thailand and Colombia.

 

In India banana ranks first in production and third in area among fruit crops.  It accounts for 13% of the total area and 33% of the production of fruits. Production is highest in Maharashtra (3924.1 thousand tones) followed by Tamil Nadu (3543.8 thousand tonnes). Within India, Maharashtra has the highest productivity of 65.70 metric tones /ha. against national average of 30.5 tonnes/ha. The other major banana producing states are Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra

Pradesh & Assam 

State-wise Area, Production & Productivity of

Banana during 2001-02

 

State	Area (‘000 Ha.)	Production (‘000 MT)	Productivity (MT/Ha.)
Maharashtra	59.7	3924.1	65.7
Tamil Nadu	84.6	3543.8	41.9
Karnataka	53.8	1277.6	23.8
Gujarat	33.1	1154.3	34.8
Andhra Pradesh	50.5	1111.2	22.0
Madhya Pradesh	18.2	736.5	40.5
Assam	43.6	605.9	13.9
Bihar	27.2	544.9	20.0
Kerala	28.1	395.4	14.1
Others	67.2	916.2	–
TOTAL	466.2	14209.9	30.5

Demand and Supply patterns:

 

Only 0.05% of domestic production is exported and the rest is consumed within the country mostly as a table fruit. However, domestic marketing was largely in the unorganized sector till recently with itinerant trades mopping up the produce at farm level. The marketing chain from producer to customer was long involving four to five intermediaries. This marketing system denied the producer a fair price and also added to the marketing margins putting up the price paid by the consumers.

 

Maharashtra is the principal producing state. The Agriculture Marketing Board of the state has established ‘Mahabanana’, a farmers’ marketing organization in the year 2002 with headquarters at Jalgaon. There are 26 co-operative societies registered under Mahabanana and each such member society has 300-350 small and marginal farmers. About 8000 farmers have enrolled themselves as members under the organization.

 

Health Benefits of Banana:

The health benefits of bananas are widely acclaimed. The book, “The Condensed Encyclopedia of Healing Foods” states the following:

–Banana’s high potassium has electrolytes, which regulate heart functions, blood fluid balance pressure and maintains:.

–Potassium also protects the body against strokes and heart diseases.

-Banana’s soluble fiber, pectin, assists with healthy bowel movements, reduces peptic ulcers, and helps

Soil: 

Fertility of soil is very important for successful cultivation, as banana is a heavy feeder. Banana is one of the few fruits, which has a restricted root zone. Hence, depth and drainage are the two most important considerations in selecting the soil for banana. The soil suitable for banana should be 0.5 1m in depth, rich, well drained, fertile, moisture retentive, containing plenty of organic matter. The range of pH should be 6.5-7.5. Alluvial and volcanic soils are the best for banana cultivation. Banana is grown in India on a variety of soils such as the heavy clay soil of the Cauvery delta, alluvial soils of the Gangetic delta, black loam in Maharashtra, coastal sandy loams and the red lateritic soil of the hilly tracts of Kerala. These areas are famous for growing good crop of banana

Varieties

Dwarf Cavendish (AAA): It is a popular commercial cultivar grown extensively for table and processing purpose in the states Maharashtra, Gujarat, Bihar and West Bengal. It is also popular in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. ‘Basrai’ is the leading commercial variety of Cavendish group and is a leading commercial variety of Maharashtra. The plant stature is Dwarf making it less prone to wind damage. The bunch size, the fruit length and size is quite good though the keeping quality is rather poor. The average bunch weight with 6-7 hands and with about 13 fruits per hand is about 15-25 kg. The thick rind of the fruits retains to some extent the greenish colour even when the fruits are ripe. Gandevi selection known as ‘Hanuman’ or ‘Padarre’ is gaining importance inspite of its longer crop duration. The selection yields bunches weighing 55-60 kg. Performs well under light soils with high inputs. In combination with high-density planting and drip irrigation, Dwarf Cavendish is becoming a highly successful cultivar. It is highly susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot disease in humid tropics restricting its commercial cultivation.

Use of Banana Plants:s

Industrial Uses The aforementioned antifungal properties of banana pulp and peel have been successfully used to treat tomato fungus in an agricultural setting. In their home countries, locals use banana leaves for everything from umbrellas to construction materials. Banana and plantain fibers are used throughout the world to weave ropes, mats and other textiles. Tannins present in ripe banana peel act as tanning agents in leather processing

Depression: According to a recent survey undertaken by MIND amongst people suffering from depression, many felt much better after eating a banana. This is because bananas contain tryptophan, a type of protein that the body converts into serotonin, known to make you relax, improve your mood and generally make you feel happier

PMS:

Forget the pills – eat a banana. The vitamin B6 it contains regulates blood glucose levels, which can affect your mood. Anemia: High in iron, bananas can stimulate the production of hemoglobin in the blood and so helps in cases of anemia.

Brain Power: 200 students at a Twickenham (Middlesex) school were helped through their exams this year by eating bananas at breakfast, break, and lunch in a bid to boost their brain power.